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Circles $C_{1}, C_{2}$, and $C_{3}$, with centers $O_{1}, O_{2}$, and $O_{3}$, and radii $r_{1}, r_{2}$, and $r_{3}$, respectively, touch each other as shown in the follo...

For a steady, laminar, and incompressible flow over a flat plate, the local skin friction coefficient is given as $C_f = \dfrac{0.664}{\sqrt{Re_x}}$ where $\mathrm{Re}_{x...

A circular disk-shaped ceramic green body has a relative density of $50 \%$. On sintering, both the height and the diameter of the disk shrink by $20 \%$. The sintered di...

Identify the zero-force member in the truss structure as shown in the figure.$\text{ST}$$\text{SR}$$\text{SP}$$\text{SQ}$

A motorized pulley of diameter $200$ mm is used to transfer a block of mass $100$ kg from platform $1$ to platform $2$ using a ramp kept at an inclination of $30^{\circ}$...

Hot fluid is being cooled in a countercurrent, double-pipe heat exchanger from $410$ $\mathrm{K}$ to $340$ $\mathrm{K}$ by chilled water entering at $290$ $\mathrm{K}$ an...

A cold-storage room has a double-layered wall. The inner layer is $10$ $\mathrm{cm}$ thick, made of fiber insulation board $(\text{k} = 0.048 \text{W m}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1...

A tubular centrifuge separates $5$ micron particles of density $1500 \mathrm{~kg/m}^{3}$ from a slurry. The slurry is fed at a volumetric flow rate of $0.5 \mathrm{~m}^{3...

The required magnitude of heat transfer to reduce the temperature of $10$ $\mathrm{kg}$ of dry air by $5^{\circ} \mathrm{~C}$ is __________ kilo Joules. (rounded off to o...

In a two-layered fluid system, temperature and salinity values are given for cases $\text{P, Q}$ and $\text{R}$. Which of the following options indicates that the process...

Using the dispersion relation for deep water small amplitude wave, the wavelength (in $\mathrm{m}$) for a $20$ second gravity wave is $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$. (Answer in integer...

A two-layered fluid system in an estuarine environment has a total water depth of $10$ $\mathrm{m}$. The difference in densities between the two layers is $15$ $\text{kg ...

Which one of the following biomass treatment processes occurs in an oxygen limited condition approximately between $450^{\circ} \mathrm{~C}$ and $600^{\circ}\mathrm{~C}$...

A part of the blowdown energy losses in a boiler can be recovered by which one of the following ways?Completely avoiding the blowdownRecycling the blowdown to the steam d...

Which of the following is/are step(s) followed in energy audit?WalkthroughCollection of past energy consumption dataEvaluation of energy conservation measuresPreparation ...

The open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and the fill factor of a solar photovoltaic module are $45 \mathrm{~V}$, $9 \mathrm{~A}$, and $0.8$, respectively. The ma...

Energy is extracted from a fully charged supercapacitor bank and the voltage of this system drops to $25 \%$ of its initial value. The energy extracted with respect to in...

A grid-connected induction generator is used to generate electricity from a wind turbine. Which one of the following statements is true while the generator is feeding pow...

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE concerning a wind turbine generation system?The rotor power coefficient, $C_{p}$, of a multi-blade turbine is a monotonical...

A nonlinear load connected to a sinusoidal voltage source (of peak value $V_{m}$ and $50$ $\mathrm{Hz}$ frequency) draws a quasi-square wave shaped current (of maximum va...

A resident has ₹ $50,000$ to purchase a $5$-star rated air conditioner with a life of $10$ years. The annual energy cost savings (in ₹) needed to recover this investment ...

A country’s annual crude oil production in the year $2024$ was $150$ million tons and that in $2022$ was $141$ million tons. The proven crude oil resources in $2024$ of t...

An aluminum transmission line of $7 \: \mathrm{km}$ length is designed to carry $100 \: \mathrm{A}$ current with no more than $2 \: \mathrm{MW}$ power loss. The required ...

The slopes of reduction potential versus pH plots for the two reactions, $\mathrm{NiO}+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 \mathrm{e}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ni}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \ma...

​​​​Identify the gas composition (in percent) suitable for packaging cured meat under $\textsf{MAP}$ conditions.$\mathrm{O}_{2}=0 ; \mathrm{CO}_{2}=50 ; \mathrm{N}_{2}=50...

In thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), weight change of a material sample during decomposition with temperature is shown in the figure below.$\mathrm{W}_{\mathrm{i}}$ and $...

In X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained from a face centered cubic $\text{(FCC)}$ metal, the first five reflections are at $\theta=21.65^{\circ}, 25.21^{\circ}, 37.0...

A $0-45-90$ strain gauge rosette is mounted on an aircraft wing. The co-ordinate system is placed such that the strain gauges $\mathrm{p}, \mathrm{q}$ and r are oriented ...

Thermal resistance constant ( $z$-value) is defined as the change in temperature required to reduce the decimal reduction time of a microorganism by _________ percent $\t...