Recent questions tagged thermodynamics-kinetics-and-phase-transformations

A rigid spherical solid ball at $1000^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is cooled slowly to $200^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ in a surrounding air at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The density, speci...

Consider an ideal Diesel-cycle with cold-air-standard assumptions to be applicable. The compression ratio is $20$ and the cut-off ratio is $1.8$. At the end of the compre...

A rigid and impermeable tank has only moist air with a specific humidity of $0.025 \mathrm{~kg}_{\text {water-vapor }} / \mathrm{kg}_{\text{dry-air}}$ at $30^{\circ} \mat...

The temperature of a dry air parcel is $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ at a height of $150$ $\mathrm{m}$ with atmospheric pressure of $1000$ $\mathrm{hPa}$. If the air parcel ris...

For a fixed thermal output, which one of the following is the major advantage offered by a concentrated collector over a flat plate collector?Utilization of diffuse solar...

A part of the blowdown energy losses in a boiler can be recovered by which one of the following ways?Completely avoiding the blowdownRecycling the blowdown to the steam d...

A fuel with composition by mass is given as $78 \%$ carbon $(\mathrm{C}), 16 \%$ hydrogen $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)$, $3.2 \%$ sulphur $(\mathrm{S}), 1.6 \%$ oxygen $\...

The useful heat gain in Watt (rounded off to one decimal place) of a solar flat plate collector using Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation is $\_\_\_\_$.Assume:Collector heat r...

​​​​$B$ is the magnetic flux density and $T_{c}$ is the critical temperature. The Meissner effect is represented by$\mathrm{B}=0$ at $\mathrm{T} \leq \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{...

​For $\mathrm{Al}-4.5 \mathrm{wt} \% \mathrm{Cu}$ alloy, the correct sequence of precipitation during age hardening at room temperature isGP zone $\rightarrow \theta^{\pr...

If solid tin is in equilibrium with its vapor, the degree of freedom is (answer in integer) $\_\_\_\_\_\_$

​​The triple point $\left(T_{l}, P_{l}\right)$ is shown in a schematic phase diagram (pressure $(\mathrm{P})-$ temperature $(\mathrm{T})$ plot) for one component system. ...

The $\textsf{TTT}$ diagram for eutectoid steel is shown below. The steel after complete austenitization at $1073 \: \mathrm{K}$ is rapidly cooled to different temperature...

The standard free energy change for the reaction, $\mathrm{SO}_{2}+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{SO}_{3}$ at equilibrium is given by $\Delta \text...

The slopes of reduction potential versus pH plots for the two reactions, $\mathrm{NiO}+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 \mathrm{e}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ni}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \ma...

​​​​A closed system undergoes a process $1-2$ in which it absorbs $150 \: \mathrm{kJ}$ of energy as heat and does $90 \: \mathrm{kJ}$ of work. Then it follows another pro...

A tank of $4 \: \mathrm{~m}^{3}$ contains an ideal gas mixture of $60 \%$ hydrogen and $40 \%$ nitrogen by volume at $100 \: \mathrm{kPa}$ and $300 \: \mathrm{K}$. Nitrog...

A rigid tank of $300 \: \mathrm{litre}$ capacity contains $3 \: \mathrm{kg}$ of oxygen (molar mass $=32 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{kmol}$ ) at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. If oxy...

​​​​For a pure substance that expands on freezing, which of the following statement(s) is/are $\textsf{CORRECT}$?Temperature of the liquid phase can be lower than the tem...

A piston-cylinder arrangement contains an ideal gas mixture of $4 \: \mathrm{kg}$ of hydrogen and $13 \: \mathrm{kg}$ of nitrogen at $250 \: \mathrm{K}$ and atmospheric p...